Pharmacological investigation of the venoms of the marine snails Conus textile and Conus geographus. Studies on the venom of the marine snail Conus californicus. Systematic classification of recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Proteomic analysis provides insights on venom processing in Conus textile. On the anatomy of Conus tulipa and Conus textile, Linn. The projectile tooth of a fish-hunting cone snail: Conus catus injects venom into fish prey using a high-speed ballistic mechanism. A correlated light and electron microscopic study of the structure and secretory activity of the accessory salivary glands of the marine gastropods, Conus flavidus and C. Venom kinematics during prey capture in Conus: the biomechanics of a rapid injection system. Salisbury SM, Martin GG, Kier WM, Schulz JR. Proteomic interrogation of venom delivery in marine cone snails: novel insights into the role of the venom bulb. Safavi-Hemami H, Young ND, Williamson NA, Purcell AW. The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Pimm SL, Jenkins CN, Abell R, Brooks TM, Gittleman JL, Joppa LN, Raven PH, Roberts CM, Sexton JO. Developmental modularity and phenotypic novelty within a biphasic life cycle: morphogenesis of a cone snail venom gland. Radular teeth of Indo-Pacific molluscivorous species of Conus: a comparative analysis. The toxoglossan proboscis structure and function. Anatomical correlates of venom production in Conus californicus. Marshall J, Kelley WP, Rubakhin SS, Bingham JP, Sweedler JV, Gilly WF. The foregut glands of vermivorous cone shells. Lewis RJ, Dutertre S, Vetter I, Christie MJ. Snail spears and scimitars: a character analysis of Conus radular teeth. Radula tooth structure of the gastropod Conus imperialis elucidated by scanning electron microscopy. Morphology of sensory papillae on the feeding proboscis of cone snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda). James D, Prator CA, Martin GG, Schulz JR. Comparative morphology of radular teeth in Conus: observations with scanning electron microscopy. Elucidation of the molecular envenomation strategy of the cone snail Conus geographus through transcriptome sequencing of its venom duct. Hu H, Bandyopadhyay PK, Olivera BM, Yandell M. Venomous marine molluscs of the genus Conus. Functional morphology of the Conus proboscis (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Biochemical and gene expression analyses of conotoxins in Conus textile venom ducts. Garrett JE, Buczek O, Watkins M, Olivera BM, Bulaj G. Radular morphology of Conus (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Conidae) from India. 1967 4:275–84.įranklin JB, Antony Fernando S, Chalke BA, Krishnan KS. Intraspecific variations in the defence-evoked venom of Conus geographus and estimation of the human lethal dose. 2014a 5:3521.ĭutertre S, Jin AH, Alewood PF, Lewis RJ. Evolution of separate predation- and defence-evoked venoms in carnivorous cone snails. 85–105.ĭutertre S, Jin AH, Vetter I, Hamilton B, Sunagar K, Lavergne V, Dutertre V, Fry BG, Antunes A, Venter DJ, Alewood PF, Lewis RJ. Snails: biology, ecology and conservation. Cone snail biology, bioprospecting and conservation. The 25-year-old was walking barefoot in shallow water near Whitehaven Beach when the cone snails harpoon pierced his skin about midday on Tuesday. Alpha-conopeptides specifically expressed in the salivary gland of Conus pulicarius. A crew member on a tourist boat has been stung by a cone snail on Whitsunday Island off north Queensland, causing his respiratory system to start shutting down. The venom of the textile shell is very toxic and the sting is known to have caused human fatalities.Biggs JS, Olivera BM, Kantor YI. Behaviorįollow this link to additional information about cone snails. At this time they are about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) in length. The larvae remain pelagic for about 16 days, then settle onto substrate. The few eggs that survive to hatch do so in about 16 to 17 days. The textile cone’s egg capsules contain 500-700 eggs each The capsules are laid under rocks. It is known to be cannibalistic if other food is scarce. This cone is a molluscivore, a mollusk eater. The average length of these animals is 9.0 cm (3.5 in). The background color is some variation of white or bluish white, with light to dark brown or yellowish overlapping textile markings, and three yellowish or brown interrupted spiral bands. The color and pattern of this beautiful cone is highly variable. There are slight spiral ridges near the base of the shell, and the rest is smooth. The body whorl is convex with rounded or slightly angled shoulders. This marine cone snail has a highly glossy, heavy shell and a short spine with straight or slightly concave sides. The textile cone lives in the sand beneath coral and rocks in shallow waters. Throughout the Indo-Pacific region, Australia, and the Indian Ocean from eastern Africa to Hawaii and French Polynesia. This species is not currently on exhibit at the Aquarium. CLIMATE CHANGE: Not Applicable At the Aquarium
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